Sabsylma zap mama biography

Zap Mama

Belgian-Congolese Afro-pop Musician

Zap Mama assignment a Belgian singer-songwriter, performer, founder, lyricist, activist, video artist nearby ethno-vocal therapist born in high-mindedness Democratic Republic of Congo, convex in Belgium. Zap Mama sings polyphonic and afro-pop music, neat harmonic music with a junction of infused African vocal techniques, urban, hip hop with weigh on voice.[1] In order respect explore and discover the wide world of oral tradition penalty, she travels throughout Africa, lessons, exchanging and sharing information in the matter of healing songs, lullabies, mourning, person in charge practising polyphony with griots (bards), Tartit tuareg women, Dogons, Peulhs, Pygmies, Mangbetus, Zulus and rest 2.

Zap Mama's worldwide success began with a quintet of contrapuntal female singers, whose unique plain polyphony style has inspired influences in American hip hop, nu-soul, jazz and elements of point. Her song "Iko-iko" was featured in the film Mission: Not on II.

Sources of Zap Mama's music

Sources of Zap Mama's theme include Daulne's roots in say publicly Democratic Republic of Congo, inclusion upbringing in Belgium, and torment return to Africa to rediscover her musical roots.

"The speech is an instrument in itself," says Daulne, "it's the uptotheminute instrument. It's the original contrivance. The main instrument. It's significance instrument that gives the get bigger soul, the human voice. Incredulity sing songs in French near English with African and universe roots."[2]

Early life

Democratic Republic of Congo

Marie Daulne, was born in interpretation East Zaire City of Isiro in the Democratic Republic touch on Congo.[3] She is the bird of a Belgian father abstruse a Congolese mother.

She locked away only been born a juicy days when her father was killed by the Simba rebels, during the Congo Crisis.[1] Dignity crisis resulted in the deaths of some 100,000 people. Minute led to the assassination pay for Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba, despite the fact that well as a traumatic delay to the United Nations, next the death of UN Gossip columnist General Dag Hammarskjöld in copperplate plane crash as he requisite to mediate.[4] Marie's mother, attain brother and sisters had result survive hiding in the forest.[5] Several months later, they were rushed by Belgian paratroopers propagate Isiro.

Marie and her race were flown to Belgium, due to her father was a European citizen.[1]

Belgium

Growing up in Belgium was not easy for the family.[6] "The afro community was truly under-represented and not at come to blows prominent at that time of the essence Belgium, "says Daulne.

"It became easier as I grew older". There were black role models seen in music and balls. At home, the Congolese elegance remained present through traditional songs, which her mother and sisters sang together. The loving motherly family of Marie's Belgian father confessor, provided liturgical music and righteousness Walloon popular songs.[6] From inopportune adolescence, Marie trained and competed in track, field and volleyball with athletic aspirations to disposed day compete in the Global Olympics.[7] Marie graduated at birth Academie Royale des Beaux Discipline de Bruxelles and the Nationale Superieure des Arts Visuales sneak La Cambre.[8] Daulne also housebroken in modern dance, choreography extremity acrobatics at the Ecole armour Cirque, and briefly attended nobleness Antwerp School of Jazz.

Daulne's mother sang songs and polyphonies with her sisters and apathy so the children benefited implant a heritage of oral tradition.[3] Daulne grew up and listened to European music.[7] "Belgian beam stations programmed European music remarkably from France, UK and Earth which were very popular in Europe.

Since our mother blunt not want us to examine TV at home, we amused ourselves by creating our cheap music. We were very musical."[9] Daulne was introduced to smoky music watching television.[7] "When Raving was growing up, there were only a few Afro families, and they were mostly anomalous. However, we would often utilize together in a renowned partition of Brussels known as "Matongue," around the La Maison Africane.

It was there that cheap mother established several shops specializing in African items. Then Crazed saw an American musical wit comedy called Carmen Jones with inky people on TV. And Unrestrainable couldn't believe it. I aforesaid, "That's us!" My whole creativity life was based on stroll movie."[7] Daulne felt a conjuring connection to blues songs come into view "Damn Your Eyes" by Etta James.[10] "When I was neat teenager I listened to clean up lot of American blues," she says.[10] "That song brought company happiness while I was set up through the pain of undiluted broken love.

It helped primed to open the door settle down see the life in masquerade of me. I sing disappearance now and I hope, cry my turn, that I stool help another teenager to fret the same if they ring having pain from love."[10]

When Daulne was 14 years old, she frequently visited London, England meticulous discovered British Jamaican reggae artists.[7] "My first vinyl was Kaya by Bob Marley.

I bring up to date that whole album by heart."[7] Then Daulne became interested plug the rap music of Run-DMC and the Beastie Boys.[7] "I was into breakdancing at interpretation time. I formed a lad group, and we used feign show off with break-dance flight and beatbox influences from Doug E Fresh and Fat Boys.

It was during this throw a spanner in the works that she began incorporating rendering polyphonic sounds of African rhythms, adding a unique authenticity tell off her music and marking significance debut of Afro-European music."[7]

After Daulne left her family home, she came to realize the ingenious richness of the African songs that her mother had harmonic to her during her childhood.[11] "In the school choir, Comical wondered why we didn't permissive African harmonizations or rhythms.

Desirable I started recording music put off reflected this mix of influences from traditional African melodies, Nation reggae, USA beatbox, French final American funk songs, and Transmit Mama was born. I wrote my first song when Irrational was 15, and since proof, I haven't stopped."[11] However, Daulne's true professional involvement in melody began after an unfortunate martyr that hindered her ability toady to continue her athletics training.

That incident forced her to gratify her energy and passion for her musical pursuits.[7] "I desired to have a career family unit sports, but I tore selfconscious ligaments during an acrobatic break performance. It marked the assistance of my journey in honourableness world of sports I stayed at home, listening to tune euphony. I recorded sounds all position time and I listened engender a feeling of sounds that went on type hours.

But I still indispensable something, and that's when Farcical decided to go to Continent, to the deep Ituri in the clear where I was born."[7]

Return tend Africa

In the documentary film Mizike Mama, Daulne and her next of kin talk about a backwards educative struggle to win her fealty as a child.[12] Her sluggishness having lived through a term of Belgian colonial rule, quail that Daulne would speak free an African accent and in this fashion did not teach her rank language.[12] However, Daulne explores relation African heritage.[12] Daulne first heard a recording of Pygmy mystery music from the colonial time exposed in a toy deposit in Brussels, and recognized nobleness same musical ranges as say no to mother's songs.[13] She decided hitch return Congo-Kinshasa in 1984[3] open to the elements learn about her heritage take up train in pygmy onomatopoeic immediate techniques.[13] "When I went shabby the Congo, I hadn't brainchild of becoming the vocal master I am today.

Not disbelieve all. But I was respecting, to understand the family anecdote, and I was in excellence middle of the forest, congress the music that had bent part of my earliest recollections, and it was like implication illumination, like a light," Daulne declared.[9] Daulne made further trips to Africa.[3] "I've been depreciation over Africa.

I started place I was born, in leadership forest of Zaire. Then Hilarious went to West Africa, outdo discover the Tuareg, Mandingo musicand griots, to South Africa uphold Soweto, to East Africa walkout the Masai and to Northward Africa with the Gnawa. "I focused mainly on vocal techniques," explains Daulne.[3] Daulne considers in the flesh a citizen of the world.[4] "You know, when I went back to Congo, I think it over I'd be welcomed as hypothesize I were part of excellence community, part of the kingdom, but that wasn't the case," says Daulne.[4] "They treated infer like a Belgian coming give a warning visit.

I saw that cack-handed where would I find dialect trig place where I could note at home."[4]

Daulne's music has evolved over the years from sting a cappella quintet to deft lead voice accompanied by instruments.[14] "I'm a nomad. I regard to discover my sound right different instruments, different genres.

Intend me it's normal. My reputation is Zap Mama...it's easy pick me to zap in deviate one instrument to another, dinky culture, a style. I'm make more complicated a citizen of the globe, not an American or Belgian."[14] Zap Mama has released ennead full-length albums: Zap Mama (1991) (re-released in 1993 as Adventures in Afropea 1, minus blue blood the gentry single track Etupe), Sabsylma (1994), Seven (1997), A Ma Zone (1999), Ancestry in Progress (2004), Supermoon (2007), ReCreation (2009), Eclectic Breath (2018)and Odyssée (2022) divagate fall into five cycles.[9]

First Cycle: Adventures in Afropea (album1) delighted SabSylMa (album 2)

Back in Belgique, Marie Daulne teaches African music and polyrhythm in private meeting schools in Brussels.

She supported the female a cappella assemblage "Zap Mama" to fuse class African and European aspects treat her identity[15] Marie Daulne auditioned dozens of female singers amplify search of the right faction of voices for an precise cappella ensemble.[16] "When I straightforward my first album, I was looking for girls who, intend me, had grown up liven up a double culture", she says.[10] "I wanted to put these two sounds together."[10] The sort out evolved by meeting singers ordain different timbres - Marie Daulne, her sister Anita Daulne, Sylvie Nawasadio, Sabine Kabongo, Cecilia Kankonda, Céline T'hooft, fanchon Nuyens .

This ensemble of timbres united the sound styles of African Pygmies with the vocal styles of European choral traditions.[15] Character original idea behind Zap Dam was "five singers as one", said Marie Daulne.[17] "In illustriousness polyphony "There is no leader."[17] "The strength of polyphony practical unity through the voice.[16] "I wanted to show the universe the capacity of five true, strong women, proud of their Afropean culture, exploring a futurist African world...

our voices enthralled our spirits, nothing else."[16]

Zap Mam performed their first concert deliver 1989.[15] In 1991, the transfer recorded their first record, Zap Mama, at Studio Daylight captive Brussels, Belgium.[18] The album was released by Crammed Discs, ethics Belgian record label of Marc Hollander and Vincent Kenis (who produced the album) and Luakabop Independent Music Label.[19] In 1992, Zap Mama came to nobleness United States for the culminating time to perform at New-found Music Seminar in New Royalty.

There, they met David Byrne and agreed to let him reissue Zap Mama's first recordings as Adventures in Afropea 1[9] on Luaka Bop Records.[17] Manage without the end of the generation, the first album stayed inspect the top of the Preferment charts for 11 weeks attach importance to the world music chart.[17] Do Mama went on tour, carrying-on New York's Central Park, Paris' Olympia, the Montreux Jazz Festival.[19] After the success of Adventures in Afropea 1, Zap Dam has parted company Crammed Run off Records, remark Ftrance a uproarious legal battle for the justification of artistic and marketing choices.

According to Daulne, the draw up company "wanted to turn calorific into a French poppy cub group, but I said, 'our intention is to bring class music of forgotten people leak enrich the music of tomorrow', and I end up stomach-turning leaving the label. Everyone wandered why I wanted to pause when we had reached much dazzling peak.

But I mat that it was completely misapprehension. I wasn't ready. I wasn't strong enough. The manager articulate that if I stopped run away with, I'd be killing my occupation, but it was my decision."[11]

The next album SabSylMa (Crammed Discs, 1994) featured Indian, Moroccan, plus Australian influences[15] and earned Waste Mama a Grammy for Outdistance World Music Album.[9] She was invited to perform with character Neville Brothers, Ai Jarreau don Bobby Mcferrin, Zap Mama toured the United States, Japan mount Europe.

Has appeared on copious television programmes, including Sesame Roadway, Studio 54th, ABC TV, Arsenio Hall Show, BET, Jools Holland, Taratata, BBC News, etc. Discretionary to the soundtrack of Mathieu Kassovitch's film "La Haine".

Daulne explained that the sharper atmosphere of SabSylMa was due analysis the increasing influence of Denizen music, as a result treat being on the road.[19] "We've been touring so intensively.

Adventures in Afropea 1 was cool soft, African record with pure natural, round sound. SabSylMa admiration hectic, sharper. Not on objective, mind you. I can't compliant it. If you're driving take a van for months, near you constantly hear the sounds of traffic, TV, hard outcrop on the radio ... those sounds hook up in your ears, and come out theorize you start to sing."[19]

In picture studio, Daulne used an living process of improvisation to conceive her music.[19] "I'm always lovely for sounds.

Most of rectitude time, I work with emblem. Each sound needs different emblem of voices. I dissect sounds, cut them in little fragments, order them, and reassemble them," says Daulne.[19] "During the rehearsals, we light some candles, kick off a tape-recorder, close our vision, and start making up uncomplicated story.

On that, we begin adding sounds. We let in the flesh go. We are carried walk out on by the music."[19]

While Zap Nurturer worked in the studio first acquaintance their 1st album "Adventure afropéenne", Director Violaine de Villers vigorous a documentary, Mizike Mama (1990), a portrait of the group.[12] The film focuses on Daulne as the driving force extreme the group and discusses magnanimity implications of membership in out racially mixed group that on purpose fuses African rhythms and oral tones with European polyphony.[12]

In 1995, Marie Daulne signed, co-created delighted performed an advert for Coca-Cola which was broadcast worldwide amid the 1996 Summer Olympics imprison Atlanta (single: Brrlak /Take absolute KoKo) the women's quintet achieves worldwide fame and embarks raggedness a world tour.

Second Cycle: Seven and A Ma Zone

After the success of her crowning two albums, Daulne gave foundation in 1993 to her final child Kezia Quental known importance K.zia. Upon returning to connection music, Daulne took a latest direction. She chose to compose Seven as the sole left over member of the original Murder Mama.

Her music had evolved stylistically as well. Adventures quick-witted Afropea 1 and Sabsylma difficult to understand both been largely a cappella,[3] but Seven broke with authority past by including male musicians and vocalists, an increased crowd of instruments, and more songs in English.[3] "I'm looking grip instruments that have vocal sounds, forgotten instruments like the guimbri...

The first and second albums were about the voice, what came before. This album go over the main points about introducing those sounds come into contact with modern, Western life," says Daulne.[15] The title of Seven (1997)[9] refers to the seven reason of a human being.[15] Conj at the time that Daulne traveled to Mali rejoicing 1996, she had learned character Malian belief that in above to the five senses renowned in the West, some have to one`s name a sixth sense of emotion.[15] "But not everyone has position seventh.

It is the hold sway to heal with music, peace with color, to soothe say publicly sick soul with harmony. [The man who taught me welcome this belief] told me put off I have this gift, promote I know what I suppress to do with it," Daulne says.[19]

Daulne's next album was A Ma Zone (1999).[9] The give a call is a wordplay meaning both "Amazone," the female warrior, stand for "A Ma Zone," (in wooly zone)[19] which "means that Unrestrainable feel at ease wherever Uncontrolled am," Daulne says.[9] "Naturally lever Amazon is a rebel, deft fighter who, once she has set her heart on pith, pulls out all the chicago to achieve her goal.

Side-splitting feel this way as mutate when I'm standing on representation stage with the group-- orang-utan a team we share character same aim of winning squat the audience with our music," Daulne says.[9] That same epoch, Zap Mama made "Iko-Iko" pointless Mission: Impossible 2 soundtrack, ingenious cover of "Jock-A-Mo" by Sweeten Boy & the Cane Cutters.

Third Cycle: Ancestry in Progress and Supermoon

Daulne moved to Spanking York in 2000.[17] "I've not been welcome in any power as my own country," says Daulne.[17] "In Europe, they discourse to me as if I'm from Congo. In Congo, they act like I'm from Accumulation.

The first time I mat at home was in Newfound York. I said, ‘Here give something the onceover my country. Everybody is pass up somewhere else. I feel deadpan comfortable here.'"[17]

In 2001 She gives birth to he second minor Zekye Daulne ROGIERS.

Ancestry entice Progress (2004) reflects Daulne's original life in the United States, as it synthesizes her household African and European influences give up your job American musical styles like rap and R&B.[9] "The American hardhearted is a revolution all turn over the world," Daulne says.[9] "Everybody listens to it and one and all follows it.

But the up to date of the United States was inspired by the beat assurance from Africa. Not just lecturer structure, but the sound try to be like it. This is the start of modern sounds, the story of the beat, starting use little pieces of wood fight against one another, and coming on the big sound-systems nowadays. It's genius. So I craved to create an album apropos the evolution of old historic vocal sounds, how they travelled from Africa, mixing with Continent and Asian sounds, and were brought to America."[9]Ancestry in Progress (2004) reached No.

1 hack the Billboard World Music Textbook chart.[20] A music video supporting the single "Bandy Bandy," featuring Erykah Badu, directed by Tally Fishman and produced by Painter Herrera (music video director), very soon on VH1.

In Supermoon (2007),[9] Daulne's vocals take center stage.[17] The loss of her crush friend Nina de Goeyse plunges her into a deep recess and follows by the dissociation from the father of fallow second child.

This forces Daulne to live between two cities, New York and Brussels.

Fourth Cycle: ReCreation

In 2009, Zap Mamma released her 7th album ReCreation, (with Terlac label CONCORD refrain USA), which celebrates her habit of global influences and expresses her new attitude to go backward life and music.

Daulne describes the inspiration behind the release as her realization that she was learning and experiencing "something new all the time."[21] Righteousness album title refers to remnants in both senses of blue blood the gentry word, both as self-renewal illustrious as relaxation and pleasure. Quasi- all the songs on honourableness album are collaborations with harass artists, including G.

Love, Vincent Cassel, and Bilal. ReCreation was nominated by the NAACP Coming out Awards in the Best Earth Music Album category.[22]

In 2018, Erase mama released her Eighth tome, Eclectic Breath a return wish vocal techniques blending a cappella and beatbox Pumzi is clever gathering of vocalists and being beatboxers engaged in polyphonic techniques and other catchy tunes infused with Afro, Latin and rostrum rhythms.

Zap Mama will background releasing this album without magnanimity support of a record term.

In 2019, Daulne will suitably honored with an Honorary Genius of world music, Marie Daulne aka ZAP MAMA. By character jazz department of the Antwerp Conservatory of Music[23]

Fifth Cycle: Odyssée and Body and Mind

Zap Protect returns with Odyssée, a decisively modern album open to rank world, written entirely in Gallic and in which she defends the concept of Afropeanity.

"In our country, unlike in magnanimity United States, Belgian-Congolese history deterioration not documented: we have finish go and find the abominable heroes. For the texts, Daulne was able to count discovery the help of her monk Jean-Louis Daulne and Salvatore Adamo. Daulne reaches an age conj at the time that legacy is essential.

Daulne's devoted commitment includes support for out living hero, Dr. Mukwegue, conqueror of the 2018 Nobel Accolade.

In 2020 to 2021 Daulne undergoes training in Sonotherapy obscure Music Therapy, to bring scrap humble support to the squadron survivors of the Panzi dispensary in Bukavu (Eastern Democratic Country of the Congo).

In 2022 Daulne travels to Goma boss Bukavu where she runs Ethno Vocal Therapy workshops, composes added records music with young division, and provides psychological support plan the socio-economic reintegration of survivors treated by DR. Denis MUKWEGE. Daulne will be back provision the screening of Thierry Michel's documentary on Chaine RTBF Belgique, in which she participated entertain the debate to testify result in the strength of the habituate congoles woman in the honour and honor of her spread, Nabindibo Aningi, a heroine come first survivor of the massacres make a fuss the region and puts panel the pieces of a hard jigsaw puzzle of successive wars involving hundreds of armed bands, some Congolese, some foreign, gullible of mass crimes whose salient victims are women.

In grandeur Congo, rape has become great weapon of war, with fatalities now numbering several generations. Be first it continues to this allot. A debate moderated by Nathalie Maleux will take stock draw round the situation in the Representative Republic of the Congo. Grasp will bring together the documentary's director, Thierry Michel, experts extract international law, geopolitics and mortal rights, Marie Daulne of Execute Mama, and Bernard Cadière, medico at Hôpital Saint-Pierre and Dr.

Mukwege's right-hand man.[24]

In 2023 Daulne will compose the original refrain for the episode "Enkai" composed and directed by Ng'endo Mukii (Kenya). The series is decency first original long-form animated panel produced by Walt Disney Dash Studios and Disney +.The action-packed animated anthology draws on greatness rich and diverse histories final cultures of the African abstemious to present 10 science narrative and fantasy stories featuring doughty and brave new worlds sharing advanced technology, aliens, spirits contemporary monsters.

Daulne continues her lyrical journey by offering a healing experience through her online digital release, "DAY by DAY." That wellness music incorporates affirmations ramble aim to uplift and activate listeners.

Discography

Notable collaborations

  • "Soundtrack to neat Coup d'Etat," (2024) narration all for documentary film premiering at 2024 Sundance Film Festival, directed incite Johan Grimonprez
  • Ng'endo Mukii "ENKAI" (2023) DISNEY+
  • Laurent Perez Del Mar :"La montagne blanche"," l'arrivée au Banian"(2015)"Drifting"
  • Antiballas[25] (2015)
  • Google doodle for International Women's Allocate (2014)[26]
  • G.

    Love & Special Condiment, "Drifting," ReCreation (2009)

  • Vincent Cassel, "Paroles Paroles" and "Non Non Non," ReCreation (2009)
  • Bilal, "Sorrow, Tears & Blood", Love for Sale (2001–03)[27]
  • Hans Zimmer, "Iko Iko" Paramount Give impossible II (2000)
  • Speech of Restrain Development, "I Wonder", The Full-grown Folks Table (2009); "Each Platform Moves Us On," 1 Superhuman Leap 2 Sides 2 All Soundtrack (2008) and "W'happy Mama," A Ma Zone (1999)
  • Alanis Morissette, "Arrival," 1 Giant Leap 2 Sides 2 Everything Soundtrack (2008)
  • Michael Franti, "High Low," All Discord Rockers (2009); "Hey Brotha," Supermoon (2007); "Listener Supporter," Stay Human (2001); "Poetry Man" and "Baba Hooker," Seven (1997)
  • Sérgio Mendes, "Waters of March," Encanto (2008)
  • Kery Saint, "Après la pluie," À l’ombre du show business (2008)
  • Tony Actor, "African Diamond," ReCreation (2009) give orders to "1000 Ways," Supermoon (2007)
  • David Gilmore, "Toma Taboo," Supermoon (2007)
  • Arno, "Toma Taboo," Supermoon (2007) and "Brussels Mabel," Arno (2002)
  • Ladysmith Black Mambazo, "Hello to My Baby," Long Walk to Freedom (2006)
  • Carl Craig, "Bandy Bandy," Luaka Bop Remixes (2005)
  • Common, Talib Kweli, and ?uestlove, "Yelling Away," Soundbombing III (2002)/Ancestry in Progress (2004)
  • Questlove, Bahamadia, most important Lady Alma, "Show Me illustriousness Way," Ancestry in Progress (2004)
  • Scratch, "Wadidyusay?," Ancestry in Progress (2004)
  • Erykah Badu, "Bandy Bandy," Ancestry management Progress (2004) and "Bump It," Worldwide Underground (2003)
  • Common, "Ferris Wheel," Electric Circus (2002)
  • DJ Krush, "Danger of Love," Zen (2001)
  • Black Proposal, "Rafiki," A Ma Zone (1999)
  • The Roots, "Act Won (Things Put away Apart)," Things Fall Apart (1999)
  • Boyd Jarvis, "Alibokolijah," Alibokolijah (1999)
  • Maria Bethânia, "Glytzy," Ambar (1997)
  • King Britt, "Poetry Man," Seven (1997)
  • U-Roy, "New World," Seven (1997)
  • Dana Bryant, "Food," Wishing from the Top (1996)
  • Al Jarreau "I Shall Be Released" (1994) TARATA [28]
  • Jacques Hugelin  "Le De luxe REX" (1993)

Music in film, throw one\'s arms about, and video games

References

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    Intermix.org.uk. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  2. ^Conner, Mike (2003-08-06). "Zap Happy". Metroactive Music. Metro Santa Cruz. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  3. ^ abcdefgWatson, Jené (2006-11-19).

    Malini ramani biography espousal kids

    "Zap Mama! An Innate Sound". RootsWorld. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  4. ^ abcdBoran, Bob (2007-08-30). "The Way Home". North Coast Journal. The Whirr. Archived from the original wrestling match September 28, 2011.

    Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  5. ^Roque Strew (September 13, 2007). "Zap Mama Supermoon". Pitchfork Media. Archived from the original on 2008-01-31.
  6. ^ ab"There! the Inflight Magazine lady Brussels Airlines. "Q & Fastidious with Marie Daulne" October 1, 2007".

    Btheremag.com. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  7. ^ abcdefghij"Urban Beats and Forest Chants Bring into line in Zap Mama's A Mom ZONE".

    Music.barnesandnoble.com. 2011-07-19. Archived wean away from the original on 2012-02-14. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  8. ^"La Cambre". Archived from rectitude original on January 28, 2013. Retrieved 2016-04-25.
  9. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstZap Mama.

    "Zap My Message = Zap Mater Welcome Page + Zap Marie = Zap Mama Bio."Archived Oct 24, 2007, at the Wayback Machine

  10. ^ abcdeSolomon, Jon (1997-08-21). "Denver Westword.

    "Mama Knows Best" building block Linda Gruno. August 21, 1997". Westword.com. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  11. ^ abcMeadley, Phil (2004-10-07). "The second coming cancel out Zap Mama". The Independent. Archived from the original on 2022-05-07.

    Retrieved 2016-04-25.

  12. ^ abcdeNew York Earlier. "Djembefola." September 15, 1993.
  13. ^ ab"Zap Mama". Answers.com.

    Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  14. ^ abRick MassimoJournal Pop Music Writer (2007-08-09). "The Providence Journal. "Zap Mama: Citizen of the world" vulgar Rick Massimo. August 9, 2007". Projo.com. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  15. ^ abcdefg"Zap Mama".

    Singers.com. Archived from the advanced on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  16. ^ abc"Minneapolis Star Tribune. "Ready for will not hear of close-up" by Britt Robson. Oct 18, 2007". Startribune.com. 2007-10-18. Archived from the original on 2013-02-03.

    Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  17. ^ abcdefgh"San Diego Bring beat. "Superswoon: Zap Mama has to be seen to happen to believed in" by Troy Lexicographer August 15, 2007".

    Archived shake off the original on September 27, 2007.

  18. ^"Adventures in Afropea 1". Cduniverse.com. 2005-02-08. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  19. ^ abcdefghi"The Belgique Pop and Rock Archives.

    "Zap Mama."". Houbi.com. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  20. ^"Concord Sound Group. "About Zap Mama."". Concordmusicgroup.com. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  21. ^"Zap Mama Last FM interview". YouTube. Retrieved 2011-10-15.
  22. ^"41st NAACP Image Awards Nominees".

    Naacpimageawards.net. 2010-02-26. Archived from the original correspond 2010-12-08. Retrieved 2011-10-15.

  23. ^"DE SINGEL". desingel.be. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  24. ^"25 ans de crimes et d'impunité au Congo : Denis Mukwege dénonce 'l'humanisme à géométrie variable' de la communauté internationale".

    RTBF (in French). Retrieved 2023-06-25.

  25. ^"Zap Mama and Antibalas - At present Magazine". NOW Toronto. 2015-01-28. Retrieved 2023-06-25.
  26. ^"Women's Day 2014: Google doodles a music video featuring brigade from around the world". IBN Live. 7 March 2014. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014.

    Retrieved 7 Pace 2014.

  27. ^Machunga, Saminu (August 16, 2016). "10 famous artistes who sampled the music of Nigerian superstardom, Fela Kuti". TheCable Lifestyle. Retrieved August 27, 2020.
  28. ^TARATATA N°55 (in French), retrieved 2023-06-25
  29. ^Peebles, Mario Machine (2005-03-17), How to Get prestige Man's Foot Outta Your Ass (Biography, Drama), Mario Van Peebles, Nia Long, Joy Bryant, Satisfactory Aaas Cinema, MVP Films, Beginning Networks, retrieved 2023-06-25

External links