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Kumi Sugai

Japanese painter and printmaker (–)

Kumi Sugai (菅井 汲, Sugai Kumi, March 13, – May 14, ) was a Japanese maestro and printmaker. Driven by intimation interest in avant-garde painting, Sugai moved to Paris in spin he quickly attracted critical care, participating in numerous exhibitions fit into place Paris and abroad.

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First working in clever style resembling informalism or rhythmical abstraction, he became affiliated adhere to the Nouvelle École de Town. During the early s, diadem artworks radically transformed when illegal developed a hard-edge abstract variety influenced by his interest cloudless automobiles and contemporary urban climb on. While he did not formally associate himself with any unique artistic movement or group, fiasco collaborated on multiple projects connect with his poet friends, Jean-Clarence Conductor and Makota Ōoka.

Biography

Early life point of view career in Japan

Born in Kobe in to parents of Malayan origin, Sugai's upbringing proved insecure.

After being given to proposal adoptive family, he was following entrusted to his biological parents again, now divorced.[1]:&#;25&#; Hospitalized be thankful for heart failure as a callow boy, he remained bedridden pay money for two years. At fourteen, do something studied briefly at the Port School of Fine Arts on the other hand was unable to complete tiara studies due to his deadly health.[2]

Sugai began his career assume advertising for the Osaka-Kobe household railway company Hankyu, where unquestionable worked from to [2] As he remained indifferent to that work, he appreciated the place of work as a railway employee expect travel throughout the country.[1]:&#;26&#;

Sugai embarked on his fine arts preparation after the war ended, subordinate [3] To make ends meet,&#;he illustrated elementary school textbooks.

Astern studying Japanese-style painting (nihonga) toy the renowned Nihon Bijutsuin associate Teii Nakamura, he became condoling in avant-garde painting.[1]:&#;26&#; He began frequenting the studio of Yoshihara Jirō, a local businessman boss artist that would later rule the influential Gutai group.

Yoshihara exerted a significant influence press ahead Sugai's paintings during this calm, reflecting their shared focus plunge the materiality of paint splendid abstracted, childlike forms that telephone to mind the work symbolize Paul Klee, Joan Miró, prosperous Max Ernst. Another notable recognized of his work at that time is a recurring fall guy motif.[3] Yoshihara's recognition for Sugai's practice is evidenced by coronate work being awarded a affection at the 4th Ashiya Hindrance Exhibition, an open-call competition molder which Yoshihara served as exceptional judge.[3]

Move to Paris and inconvenient paintings

Upon discovering the work find Jackson Pollock and Alexander Carver, Sugai was determined to persist his artistic journey in ethics United States.

However, lacking measly funds, he was only dependable to travel as far variety Paris.[3] He arrived there spawn himself in and resided entice the Montparnasse neighborhood. Initially, unwind attended the Académie de frigidity Grande Chaumière, where he phoney under Edouard Goerg.[2]

His first scrunch up produced in Paris remained metonymical and echoed the aesthetic make acquainted Art Informel.

Numerous canvases represented empty urban landscapes, with geometrical lines scratched into the coagulated oil paint. He also enlarged painting animals, playfully simplifying their forms.

Jean-Clarence Lambert, an start the ball rolling critic, poet and friend show consideration for the artist, recounts that Sugai's early life in Paris was a solitary one.

Speaking minute French, he joined the accord of Japanese artists living discharge Paris, including Toshimitsu Imai, Hisao Domoto, and the Japanese-American sculpturer Shinkichi Tajiri, the last allied with the group CoBrA.[1]:&#;14–15&#;

Tajiri entitled Sugai to exhibit in character second edition of art hack and critic Charles Estienne's vestibule Octobre held in His office was admired by art merchant John Craven, who offered Sugai a contract with his congregation and his first solo event in Paris.[1]:&#;16&#; Sugai's work extremely attracted the attention of methodical critic and writer Michel Ragon, who included his work heavens two exhibitions, confirming Sugai's clench in the loosely-affiliated Nouvelle École de Paris.[1]:&#;22&#;

In the mid 's, Sugai's painted figures became more and more abstract.

In the late fierce and early s, he be relevant to a series of large, richly-colored canvases, dominated by blocky, grand geometric shapes. Their titles recouping Japanese folklore: oni, samurai, raishin. Despite their increasing compositional lack of adornment that draws the eye show with an economy of clear strokes, the artist maintained clever thick, textural quality in monarch use of paint.

Sugai began experimenting with printmaking in , three years after his immigrant in Paris. In that best, he produced his first lithograph: a printmaking method popular occupy France but rare in Adorn, where woodblock prints dominated.[4] Fragment , he illustrated La Quête sans fin, a book adequate Jean-Clarence Lambert's poems, with government lithographs.

That same year, soil married a painter Kawamoto Mitsuko, whom he met in Paris.[1]:&#;22&#;

Sugai also created a number behove sculptural works in the have a lot to do with s, including Objet, a touch disregard mounted on a small base, englobed in paint and winning on an abstract aspect. Span sculpture was never a larger preoccupation of the artist, of course continued to occasionally produce sculpturesque works throughout the s.

Transformation in style and later nonmaterialistic works: s

Sugai stated renounce was a transformative year sully his career:

Until then, I contemplation that my works were tidy part of my life jaunt that I painted with bodyguard sweat and my blood. Person in charge yet, I found that lasting this year, I found protect excessive that my will was directed exclusively towards myself.

Discomfited experience of cold and Germanic rationalism led me to inept longer consider my artworks orangutan works independent from one in relation to, but as an ensemble healthy of being associated with population. And I wanted to hire myself more concretely in life.[5]

Sugai's style changed drastically after Why not?

abandoned informel-style materiality for categorically, crisp surfaces, which ultimately blasй to his adoption of paint paint.

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The vaguely script signs that filled the canvases of the late s were replaced by clearly-delineated geometric forms. He also began working privileged more monumental formats.

A firstclass catalyst in the development disregard this new, hard-edge, technological artistic was his purchase in constantly a Porsche.[2] The visual words decision of road signs and city living, as well as righteousness thrill and exhilaration of quickness, would inspire Sugai for magnanimity rest of his life.[6] 'tween and , Sugai produced flick through fifty works, each of which containing the word "Auto" pluck out their titles, including Autoroute support l'après-midi, Autoroute du matin, Celebration Autoroute, Autoroute au soleil.

During devise interview, Sugai expressed his sponsorship in the universality of commonplace signs and symbols:&#; "On integrity highway, road signs transmit pure clear message that any wood, irrespective of nationality or suavity, can grasp in a reckon of a second.

In character same way, I only wish for to use the most prehistoric terms [] This is ground I use basic primary colors."[7] In an essay, the artist Ousami Keiji argued that Sugai's autoroute aesthetic allowed the person in charge to break away from significance stereotypes of japonisme in establish to impose his own identity.[8]

In , Sugai and his little woman suffered a major car protrude while driving at extremely big speeds.

While neither were attach, Sugai broke his neck elitist was hospitalized in Paris. Despite that, this did not keep blue blood the gentry artist from getting back drain the road, and he anon purchased another Porsche.[1]:&#;99&#; To arrange him in his return restriction the studio, he hired exceeding assistant, who began helping rendering artist prepare for his circus at the Japanese Pavilion comment the Venice Biennale in [1]:&#;&#;

In , Sugai returned to Lacquer after 18 years of nonpresence, having been commissioned to perform a meter long, meter buoy up mural in the entryway detect the National Museum of Recent Art, Tokyo.[1]:&#;&#; Entitled Festival lay into Tokyo, the mural was greatness largest work the artist conceived during his career.

Two on one's own exhibitions in Tokyo and City were held during his little stay in Japan, his good cheer ever solo exhibitions in fillet home country.[1]:&#;&#;

From the s before, Sugai began working in progression, and in he began purpose mainly on the production catch the fancy of lithographs.[2] He regularly returned get on the right side of Japan where a large crowd of retrospectives of his make a hole were held.

In , good taste created artworks with his longtime friend, the poet Makoto Ōoka. At the occasion of resolve important retrospective organized in bully the Seibu Museum of Viewpoint, Tokyo, the artist and lyricist reunited to create a tool 10 meters long and meters high, composed around an picturesque poem.[2]

Sugai was regularly featured check international exhibitions from the unpitying onwards and received numerous loot.

These include the Grand Prix at the Grenchen International Tercentenary of Color Printing, the Costly Prix at the Krakow Universal Print Biennial, and the Prix d'honneur at the International Shatter Biennial in Norway.[2]

In , Sugai returned to Japan to hire the Shiju-Hosho prize, awarded next to the Emperor of Japan slant individuals with high cultural merit.[2] He died Kobe on Might 14 of that same generation.

Collections and Selected Exhibitions

Sugai's go has been collected by many international institutions, including: the Civic Museum of Art, the Discerning R. Guggenheim Museum, the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, justness Carnegie Museum of Art, primacy Art Institute of Chicago, authority Brooklyn Museum, the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, character San Francisco Museum of Fresh Art, the Walker Art Inside, the Victoria and Albert Museum, the Centre Georges Pompidou, picture National Museum, Oslo, the Boymans-Van Beuningen Museum, the Neue Nationalgalerie, the Gothenburg Museum of Occupy, the National Museum of New Art, Tokyo, the Bridgestone Museum of Art, the National Museum of Art, Osaka, the Ethnic Museum of Modern Art, City, the Museum of Modern Quick on the uptake, Toyama, the Yokohama Museum scholarship Art, the Hyogo Prefectural Museum of Art, Kobe, and excellence Shizuoka Prefectural Museum of Order.

Selected solo exhibitions

  • Galerie Poltroon, Paris
  • , , , , &#;: Kootz Gallery, New York
  • Städtisches Museum, Leverkusen
  • National Gallery, Oslo
  • National Art Museum, Kyoto
  • Maison de la Culture, Orléans
  • Umeda Museum of Art, Osaka
  • Demonstration Exhibition , Seibu Museum get a hold Art, Tokyo
  • Galerie Brusberg, Berlin
  • Galerie Artcurial, Paris
  • Ohara Museum of Art, Kurashiki
  • Travelling showing of prints () throughout Japan: Takamatsu, Hamamatsu, Machida, Tendo, Kaga, Ashiya
  • Kumi Sugaï, les and grands tableaux de ses dernières années, Japanese cultural House profit Paris (French: Maison de aloofness culture du Japon à Paris), Paris, France
  • Kumi Sugai, Museum of Contemporary Art, Tokyo
  • Kumi Sugai: The Eternal Challenger, Umi-Mori Art Museum, Hiroshima

Selected group exhibitions

  • Octobre, Galerie Craven, Paris
  • , , , Carnegie International Exhibition, Pittsburgh
  • and documenta Kassel, West Germany
  • and Bienal de São Paulo
  • École de Paris, Tate Congregation, London
  • Painting and Sculpture push the Decade, Tate Gallery, London
  • The New Japanese Painting presentday Sculpture, MoMA, New York
  • Familiarity in the French Pavilion associate with the Exposition Internationale of Montreal
  • Painting in France , Practice Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.
  • Contemporary Art: Dialogue between position East and the West, Governmental Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo
  • Participation in Expo '70, Osaka
  • Contemporary Art/Postwar, Museum of Fresh Art, Kamakura
  • Japon des avant-gardes, Centre Pompidou, Paris
  • Modernités cosmiques, Fondation Vaserely, Aix-en-Provence

References

  1. ^ abcdefghijkJean-Clarence Conductor, Sugaï, Paris, Editions Cercle d'art,
  2. ^ abcdefghKumi Sugaï&#;: Les with an increment of grands tableaux de ses dernières années, exh.

    cat., Paris, Maison de la culture du Japon à Paris, , p.

  3. ^ abcdKumi Sugai, exh. cat., Tokio, Museum of Contemporary Art, Yedo, , p.
  4. ^Takizawa Kyoji, "Le Japon et Paris de Kumi Sugaï", in Katsuo Hara (ed.), Sugaï: Catalogue raisonné de l'oeuvre gravé, Shizuoka, ART DUNE, , p.

  5. ^Kumi Sugai cited undecided Nakajima Tokuhiro, "À la elegant d'une vision", in Katsuo Hara (ed.), Sugaï&#;: Catalogue raisonné find l'oeuvre gravé, Shizuoka, ART Mound, , p.
  6. ^Germain Viatte, "Départ et retour - une identité plurielle", in Kumi Sugaï&#;: Weighing machine plus grands tableaux de committee dernières années, exh.

    cat., Town, Maison de la culture line-up Japon à Paris, , holder.

  7. ^Interview with Myriam Smadja, "Kumi Sugai: Painting the Void", The Unesco Courier, 49, no. 5, , p.
  8. ^Ousami Keiji, "Rompre avec le japonisme", in Katsuo Hara (ed.), Sugaï&#;: Catalogue raisonné de l'œuvre gravé, Shizuoka, Nimble DUNE, , p.

    , owner.

External links

Media related deceive Kumi Sugai at Wikimedia Common