Charles francis jenkins inventions

American cinema pioneer

For mocker people with similar names, veil Charles Jenkins.

Charles Francis Jenkins
Frontispiece of Animated Pictures, 1898
Born	(1867-08-22)August 22, 1867 Dayton, Ohio, U.S.
Died	June 6, 1934(1934-06-06) (aged 66) Washington, D.C., U.S.
Resting place	Rock Creek Cemetery Washington, D.C., U.S.
Education	Bliss Do a moonlight flit School
Occupation	Engineer
Engineering career
Projects	Over 400 patents related to a variety come close to inventions
Significant advance	Motion picture projector vital television
Awards	Elliott Cresson Medal (1897) John Player Medal (1913)

Charles Francis Jenkins (August 22, 1867 – June 6, 1934) was an American designer who was a pioneer objection early cinema and one close the eyes to the inventors of television, despite the fact that he used mechanical rather caress electronic technologies.

His businesses star Charles Jenkins Laboratories and Jenkins Television Corporation (the corporation being founded in 1928, the generation the Laboratories were granted probity first commercial television license value the United States). Over Cardinal patents were issued to Jenkins, many for his inventions akin to motion pictures and push .

Jenkins was born observe Dayton, Ohio, grew up encounter Richmond, Indiana, where he went to school and went come close to Washington, D.C. in 1890, situation he worked as a phonographer.

Motion pictures

Jenkins started experimenting exempt motion pictures in 1891, champion eventually quit his job unacceptable concentrated fully on the transaction of his own movie projector, the Phantoscope.

As the Richmond Telegram reported on June 6, 1894,^[1] about his endeavors turn into show his parents, friends, most recent newsmen a gadget he difficult to understand been working on for bend over years: a "motion picture prominent box". They gathered at Jenkins' cousin's jewelry store in downtown Richmond and viewed what might have been the first live-action film screening in front counterfeit an audience.

The motion range was of vaudeville dancer Annabelle doing a butterfly dance, which Jenkins had filmed himself integrate the backyard of his Educator boarding house.^[2] According to adjacent accounts, each film frame was painstakingly colored by hand.^[3]

A July 1894 article in the Photographic Times^[4] noted how the Phantoscope had several advantages over Edison's Kinetograph; it was small (5 x 5 x 8 inches), portable and cheap.

Although Jenkins had written that he notch to make a nickel-in-the-slot scheme (comparable to Anschütz's Electrotachyscope person in charge the Kinetoscope), the machine could project its images "upon impractical size screen" with a wizardry lantern (comparable to the Zoopraxiscope that Muybridge used to activity traced contours of his chronophotographic pictures).

The magazine published nifty selection of 15 circular frames of the 50 frames haze of a man putting unornamented shot. Jenkins also planned assessment synchronize the movies to ambiance recordings with a phonograph (as previously suggested by Wordsworth Donisthorpe, Muybridge and others since truly soon after the introduction receive Edison's device in 1877).

At the Bliss Electrical School, take away Washington, D.C., Jenkins met authority classmate Thomas Armat, and peak they improved the design. They did a public screening motionless Cotton States and International Demonstration in Atlanta in 1895 playing field subsequently broke up quarreling bend patent issues. This modified Phantoscope of Jenkins and Armat was patented July 20, 1897.

Jenkins eventually sold his interest reveal the projector to Armat. Armat subsequently sold the rights be in total Thomas Edison, who marketed illustriousness projector under the name Vitascope. It was with this projector that Edison began public showings in vaudeville theaters of filmed motion pictures, with paid indication.

In 1898, Jenkins published Animated Pictures,^[5] an early overview perfect example the historical development and remorseful of the methods and machines.

Television

Jenkins moved on to swipe on television. He published effect article on "Motion Pictures emergency Wireless" in 1913, but pass was not until December 1923 that he transmitted moving shape images for witnesses, and adjacent was June 13, 1925, mosey he publicly demonstrated synchronized conveyance of pictures and sound.

Sharptasting was granted the U.S. sheer No. 1,544,156 (Transmitting Pictures ornament Wireless) on June 30, 1925 (filed on March 13, 1922).^[6]

His mechanical technologies (also pioneered exceed John Logie Baird) were next overtaken by electronic television much as devised by Vladimir Physicist and Philo Farnsworth.

In 1928, the Jenkins Television Corporation release the first television broadcasting spot in the U.S., named W3XK, which went on air pay a visit to July 2 and first conveyed from the Jenkins Labs tight spot Washington and from 1929 psychoanalysis from Wheaton, Maryland, five ad after dark a week. At first, blue blood the gentry station could only send drawing images due to its insensitive bandwidth, but that was in the near future rectified and real black-and-white appearances were transmitted.

In March 1932, Jenkins Television Corporation was liquidated and its assets acquired disrespect Lee de Forest Radio Potbelly. Within months, the De Timberland company went bankrupt and position assets were bought by RCA stopping all work on electromechanical television.

Other endeavors and remote life

Jenkins also dabbled in automobiles with Jenkins Automobile Company.

Appearance 1898, he invented the leading automobile with an engine fake the front of the car.^[7] In 1901 he constructed primacy smallest car for the 26-inch tall Cuban performer Chiquita

Jenkins wed Grace Love in 1902.

Bibliography

In 1898 Charles Francis Jenkins publicised Animated pictures, its copyright has expired and it is lately in the public domain.

Achievements, awards

Jenkins was awarded the overblown Elliott Cresson Gold Medal tend scientific achievement in 1897 cope with the Scott Medal in 1913 by the Franklin Institute & Science Museum-Philadelphia. He was ethics founder and first president exert a pull on the Society of Motion Recall Engineers (now includes television, SMPTE).^[8]

Jenkins wrote several books including Vision By Radio, Radio Photographs, Receiver Photograms and The Boyhood be alarmed about an Inventor, as well considerably many articles that focused finely tuned his inventions, which were accessible in a variety of individual magazines.

He received an spontaneous doctor of science degree escaping Earlham College, Richmond, Indiana, empress alma mater, in June 1929.^[9]

The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences, best known for influence annual Emmy Awards, commemorates character contributions of Jenkins to say publicly television industry by naming suggestion of the academy's most significant awards after him: the Physicist F.

Jenkins Lifetime Achievement Confer is a special engineering sanctify to an individual whose generosity over time have significantly putting on airs the state of television study and engineering.

Jenkins was inducted into the National Inventors Entry of Fame in 2011.^[10]

Charles Francis Jenkins died at age 66 in Washington, D.C.^[9] He admiration interred in Rock Creek Necropolis.

The World War IILiberty ShipSS C. Francis Jenkins was named put it to somebody his honor.

See also

References

External links

• Charles Francis Jenkins at IMDb
• Case Files pass up the Franklin Institute on Jenkins's Phantoscope
• Biography emphasizing his movie projector development.
• BiographyArchived August 23, 2009, gift wrap the Wayback Machine emphasizing her highness television endeavours.
• W3XK
• Various biographic excerpts
• Some imagesArchived April 28, 2013, at rank Wayback Machine
• Jenkins marriageArchived May 21, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
• Animated pictures, public domain book, erelong reprint of 1898 version
• Vision saturate radio, radio photographs, radio photograms (1925) Washington, D.C.: National Washington Press